Probability & Statistics 1-24
24 entries in the Probability & Statistics compendium.
Multivariate normal distributionGeneralization of normal distribution to multiple dimensions.Normal distributionA continuous probability distribution with a bell-shaped density curve.Poisson distributionDiscrete distribution for rare events in fixed intervals.Poisson point processRandom point process with Poisson-distributed counts and independent points.Probability density functionFunction giving relative probability for continuous random variables.Probability distributionMathematical description of probabilities for random phenomena.Probability mass functionFunction giving probability of a discrete random variable equaling a value.Probability spaceMathematical model of random processes and experiments.Probability theoryMathematical study of randomness and uncertainty.P-valueProbability of extreme results under the null hypothesis.Null hypothesisDefault hypothesis tested in statistical significance tests.Observational studyObservational studies infer without experimental control.Outcome (probability)A possible result of an experiment or trial.Prior probabilityPrior probability represents belief before new evidence.Posterior probabilityUpdated belief after considering evidence via Bayes' rule.Random variableA measurable function from sample space to measurable space.Random walkA stochastic process of successive random steps.Randomized controlled trialA statistical experiment using random allocation to reduce bias.RandomnessRandomness is a measure of uncertainty, not haphazardness.Regression analysisStatistical method for estimating relationships between variables.Sample mean and covarianceStatistics computed from a sample to estimate population parameters.Sample size determinationChoosing the number of observations for statistical inference.Sample spaceSet of all possible outcomes of an experiment or random trial.Sampling (statistics)Selecting a subset to estimate characteristics of a whole population.
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